What does it typically indicate when learners avoid eye contact?

When learners avoid eye contact, it often suggests that they don't want to be called on. This behavior can stem from a desire to avoid drawing attention to themselves or feeling unprepared to answer questions. Maintaining eye contact is typically a sign of engagement and confidence, so when learners look away, it may serve as a nonverbal cue indicating they are not ready to participate actively in the classroom discussion. While avoidance of eye contact can also correlate with other feelings, such as confusion or disinterest, in a classroom setting, the specific implication that students are trying to evade direct interaction aligns most closely with the idea that they don't want to be put on the spot.